In regions where adult-use or medical cannabis is permitted, consumers encounter a wide range of naturally occurring cannabis compounds, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9 THC). Additionally, delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8 THC)—a naturally occurring but less abundant cannabinoid—has become available in various markets, often through hemp-derived products.
Both delta-8 THC and delta-9 THC originate from the cannabis sativa plant, which produces over 100 identified cannabinoids. Delta-9 THC occurs naturally in higher concentrations, while delta-8 THC is present only in trace amounts and is commonly produced through conversion from hemp-derived cannabidiol (CBD).
Although both compounds are psychoactive, important differences exist in potency, availability, regulation, and consumer experience. Understanding these distinctions is essential before choosing either compound.
Below, we explore delta-8 THC and delta-9 THC, including their similarities, differences, and regulatory considerations.
What Is Delta-8 THC?
Delta-8 THC is a naturally occurring cannabinoid found in very small amounts in the cannabis plant. Because of its low natural concentration, most delta-8 THC products are produced by converting hemp-derived CBD into delta-8 THC through chemical processes.
Delta-8 THC is psychoactive and interacts with cannabinoid receptors similarly to delta-9 THC, though it is generally described as less potent. Delta-8 THC products are commonly available in forms such as gummies, chocolates, tinctures, infused beverages, and vape products.
Some manufacturers have marketed delta-8 THC products with medical or therapeutic claims. However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not evaluated or approved delta-8 THC for the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of any disease. In May 2022, the FDA issued warning letters to multiple delta-8 THC manufacturers for violations of federal law.
Considerations Regarding Delta-8 THC
Consumer experiences with delta-8 THC vary. Reported effects may differ based on individual tolerance, formulation, and serving size. Potential short-term effects may include drowsiness, altered perception, dry mouth, and changes in coordination. Individuals with certain health conditions may be more sensitive to these effects.
Because delta-8 THC products are not uniformly regulated, product quality and purity can vary. Third-party lab testing is an important factor when evaluating any cannabinoid product.
What Is Delta-9 THC?
Delta-9 THC is the primary naturally occurring psychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis. It is responsible for the intoxicating effects commonly associated with cannabis use. Delta-9 THC is available in various formats, including edibles, beverages, tinctures, concentrates, and inhalable products, depending on state laws.
While some delta-9 THC products are marketed for wellness or lifestyle purposes, the FDA has approved only specific synthetic THC medications (such as dronabinol and nabilone) for limited prescription uses. These approvals do not apply to over-the-counter THC products.
Considerations Regarding Delta-9 THC
Delta-9 THC may produce a range of effects that vary by individual and dosage. Commonly reported effects include altered perception, changes in mood, and relaxation. Adverse effects may include anxiety, impaired coordination, dry mouth, and drowsiness.
Long-term or frequent use of high-THC products may present additional considerations, particularly for individuals with certain mental health risk factors.
Can Delta-8 THC Appear on a Drug Test?
Delta-8 THC and delta-9 THC are chemically similar, and both may produce metabolites that can be detected by standard drug tests. Most routine drug tests are designed to detect THC metabolites generally, not to distinguish between delta-8 and delta-9. As a result, consumption of delta-8 THC products may still lead to a positive drug test.
Delta-8 THC vs. Delta-9 THC: Differences and Similarities
Both delta-8 THC and delta-9 THC interact with the body’s cannabinoid receptors, which is why their effects can feel similar. However, delta-9 THC has been studied more extensively and is subject to stricter regulatory frameworks in states where it is legal. Delta-8 THC, by contrast, exists in a more complex regulatory environment and has comparatively limited research.
Are Delta-8 THC and Delta-9 THC Legal?
Hemp-derived delta-8 THC products may be federally legal under the 2018 Farm Bill, depending on formulation, but many states have enacted restrictions or bans. Delta-9 THC remains federally illegal but is permitted for medical and/or adult use in certain states.
Laws governing cannabinoid products continue to evolve. Consumers should review local and state regulations before purchasing or using delta-8 THC or delta-9 THC products.
Nature Inc. encourages informed decision-making and responsible adult use when exploring cannabinoid products. Understanding product composition, sourcing, and regulatory status is essential when choosing delta-8 THC or delta-9 THC products. Shop our delta-8 and delta-9 offerings here.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Hemp-derived cannabinoid products are intended for adults 21 years of age or older.
